World Bank Search - documentsNjQ2YTMxZDNiZWVmMjYwMmQ1MjY1ZTMzZjRmZWNkYjg1Y2E4NWU2OA2http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2024/01/31/closing-south-africa-s-sdgs-gap-requires-improving-the-quality-afe-124South AfricaClosing South Africa’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) gap will require significant infrastructure and related spending, informed by the right objectives and relevant metrics, according to a joint study by the World Bank and the Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA), launched today.regions:Africa,country:South Africa,subject:sustainable-development-goalsEnglishAfricaClosing South Africa's SDGs Gap Requires Improving the Quality and Management of Infrastructure and Strategic InvestmentsSustainable-development-goals/content/wb-home/en/news/press-release/2024/01/31/closing-south-africa-s-sdgs-gap-requires-improving-the-quality-afe-1242024-01-31T09:00:00ZAfricacq5South AfricaZAPress Release JOHANNESBURG, January 31, 2024 – Closing South Africa’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) gap will require significant infrastructure and related spending, informed by the right objectives and relevant metrics, according to a joint study by the World Bank and the Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA), launched today. The report, entitled: Going Beyond the Infrastructure Funding Gap - A South African Perspective, quantifies the spending needed in education, transport, and water and sanitation to achieve the related SDGs. The United Nations adopted the SDGs in 2015 as a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure that by 2030 all people enjoy peace and prosperity. South Africa’s commitment to the SDGs is embodied in the National Development Plan Vision 2030. While progress has been made, South Africa has significant work ahead to achieve the SDGs. According to the Sustainable Development Report 2022, South Africa ranks 113 out of 161 countries in terms of its performance in the 17 SDGs. According to the study, South Africa needs to spend between R4.8 trillion and R6.2 trillion ($254 billion to $329 billion) on transport, water and sanitation, basic education, and Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) between the years 2022 and 2030, to close the SDGs gap in these sectors. The figures for the infrastructure spending are equivalent to spending between 8.7% and 11.2% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per year on average. The study asserts that the solution is not always to spend more, but to spend better on the right objectives, with the use of relevant metrics. The study highlights infrastructure cost drivers and the implications of different policy choices. In addition, the sectoral analyses present detailed results on the spending needs under several scenarios and recommendations to close the gap. “Infrastructure is required to support the progress towards the 2030 SDG agenda. Education, electricity, water and sanitation, and transport infrastructure are required to improve access to basic services and support inclusive economic growth. This innovative study contributes to the evidence-based body of knowledge, towards understanding the service gap, and the ambitions of each sector, in determining where investments should be made,” says Marie Francoise Marie-Nelly, World Bank Country Director for South Africa. “Closing the SDG gap will require significant infrastructure and related spending,” says Boitumelo Mosako, Chief Executive Officer of the DBSA. “In addition to the sectoral analyses, this study provides an assessment of the exposure of infrastructure assets to natural hazards and the investment needs to increase their resilience. Our joint study further provides a macroeconomic analysis, which examines the growth implications of the proposed spending and the projected funding gap.” Achieving the SDGs requires adequate infrastructure in various sectors. This includes good-quality school and college facilities to support student outcomes. Reliable transportation infrastructure and affordable services are also essential for people to access basic services and job opportunities, allowing firms to stay competitive and create better jobs. Furthermore, it involves establishing high-quality water and sanitation infrastructure to provide affordable and safe services. Lastly, resilient infrastructure is essential for sustainable progress towards the SDGs, ensuring long-lasting and environmentally responsible development. A key finding of the study is that poor quality and management of infrastructure and services undermine the achievement of SDGs. Thus, investing in infrastructure must be supported by proper management, maintenance, and good governance. JOHANNESBURG, January 31, 2024 – Closing South Africa’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) gap will require significant infrastructure and related spending, informed by the right objectives and relevant metrics, according to a joint study by the World Bank and the Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA), launched today. The report, entitled: Going Beyond the Infrastructure Funding Gap - A South African Perspective, quantifies the spending needed in education, transport, and water and sanitation to achieve the related SDGs. The United Nations adopted the SDGs in 2015 as a universal call to action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure that by 2030 all people enjoy peace and prosperity. South Africa’s commitment to the SDGs is embodied in the National Development Plan Vision 2030. While progress has been made, South Africa has significant work ahead to achieve the SDGs. According to the Sustainable Development Report 2022, South Africa ranks 113 out of 161 countries in termPress ReleaseAfrica, AFRN2FmODQ2M2MzZmI3MWE5MmVhMDQzMTk2MjA5ZTU2ODk0NjNkNjUyOA2http://www.worldbank.org/en/results/2023/12/01/mobilizing-the-private-sector-to-drive-development-in-africaCongo, Republic of,Ethiopia,Guinea-Bissau,Kenya,Lesotho,South Africa,Senegal,Tanzania,Congo, Democratic Republic of,Botswana,Gabon,Guinea,Madagascar,Namibia,Cameroon,Nigeria,Cote d'Ivoire,MozambiqueTackling persistent poverty and fragility in Africa requires the efforts of multiple partners—national governments, development institutions, communities, civil society organizations, and business. The private sector is critically important to create jobs and improve the livelihoods of people throughout the continent. The World Bank leverages expertise and resources across the institution, including IFC and MIGA, to accelerate sustainable and inclusive economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa by strengthening the region’s private sector. It harnesses a range of instruments, including public-private partnerships (PPPs), multi-donor facilities, and capital investment pipelines to drive development by tapping into the region’s local capital.regions:Africa,subject:private sector development,subject:small and medium-sized enterprises and jobs,organization:International Finance Corporation (IFC),organization:Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA),subject:power and electricity sector,subject:jobs and development,subject:information and communication technologies,subject:gender,country:Congo, Republic of,country:Ethiopia,subject:poverty,subject:investment climate,country:Guinea-Bissau,country:Kenya,country:Lesotho,country:South Africa,country:Senegal,country:Tanzania,subject:public-private partnerships,subject:renewable energy,subject:energy-access,country:Congo, Democratic Republic of,subject:trade,country:Botswana,country:Gabon,country:Guinea,country:Madagascar,country:Namibia,subject:infrastructure and growth,country:Cameroon,country:Nigeria,subject:climate finance,country:Cote-dIvoire,country:Mozambique,subject:human capital for growthEnglishAfricaMobilizing the Private Sector to Drive Development in AfricaPrivate Sector Development,Small And Medium-sized Enterprises And Jobs,Power And Electricity Sector,Jobs And Development,Information And Communication Technologies,Gender,Poverty,Investment Climate,Public-private Partnerships,Renewable Energy,Energy-access,Trade,Infrastructure And Growth,Climate Finance,Human Capital For GrowthP157734,P146319,P146469,P127303,P160806,P178176,P143302,P121019International Finance Corporation (IFC),Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA)/content/wb-home/en/projects-operations/results/2023/12/01/mobilizing-the-private-sector-to-drive-development-in-africa2023-12-01T11:20:00ZtrueAfricacq5Congo, Republic of,Ethiopia,Guinea-Bissau,Kenya,Lesotho,South Africa,Senegal,Tanzania,Congo, Democratic Republic of,Botswana,Gabon,Guinea,Madagascar,Namibia,Cameroon,Nigeria,Cote-dIvoire,MozambiqueCG,ET,GW,KE,LS,ZA,SN,TZ,CD,BW,GA,GN,MG,NA,CM,NG,CI,MZResults 34,203 direct jobs in the region.> 19,639 gigawatt hours (GWh) in expanded power generation.> 56 million new subscribers to telecom services.Between 2014 and 2023, over 19,000 jobs were created in industrial parks in Ethiopia, 66 percent of them for young women.Since 2018, 3,612 new formal firms have been established in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), 65 percent owned by women and 35 percent by young entrepreneurs, creating 9,360 jobs.]]> 34,203 direct jobs in the region.> 19,639 gigawatt hours (GWh) in expanded power generation.> 56 million new subscribers to telecom services.Between 2014 and 2023, over 19,000 jobs were created in industrial parks in Ethiopia, 66 percent of them for young women.Since 2018, 3,612 new formal firms have been established in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), 65 percent owned by women and 35 percent by young entrepreneurs, creating 9,360 jobs.]]>ResultsAfrica, AFRIFC,IDA,MIGAOTliZjg0NDllYTI3MWYwYWMxYmY0N2ExN2ExZGU1YjgxMTY4YjdhNQ2http://www.worldbank.org/en/country/southafrica/publication/raising-south-africa-s-afe-1123-economic-prospects-by-curbing-crimeSouth AfricaThe fourteenth edition of the South Africa Economic Update, Safety First: The Economic Cost of Crime in South Africa, discusses South Africa’s economic prospects and highlights the critical need to address the challenge of high crime, to reduce its adverse effects on the economy and society at large.regions:Africa,country:South AfricaEnglishAfricaSouth Africa Economic Update: Raising South Africa's Economic Prospects by Curbing Crime/content/country/southafrica/en/publication/raising-south-africa-s-afe-1123-economic-prospects-by-curbing-crime2023-11-22T13:37:00ZAfricacq5South AfricaZAPublication The fourteenth edition of the South Africa Economic Update, Safety First: The Economic Cost of Crime in South Africa, discusses South Africa’s economic prospects and highlights the critical need to address the challenge of high crime, to reduce its adverse effects on the economy and society at large. South Africa's GDP growth has returned to its pre-pandemic trend and is expected to increase by 0.7 percent in 2023 and is projected to rise to an average of 1.5 percent from 2024 to 2026 due to the gradual easing of electricity supply constraints. Accelerating the implementation of structural reforms will boost South Africa’s growth potential. The challenge of high crime rates undermines the country’s economic dynamism, with an impact estimated to be at least 10 percent of GDP every year. The report includes a focus chapter on the economic impact of crime in the country. High rates of crime damage the economy and contribute to misallocation of resources, through stolen property, protectiPublicationAfrica, AFRcountry|southafricaYTI0MTA4MjMxN2IzZWRhMDdhZDA1MDY0MzhjNTQ3MzM2OTgzYjQzNw2http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2023/11/20/raising-south-africa-s-economic-afe-1123-prospects-by-curbing-crimeSouth AfricaThe impact of crime on South Africa’s economic prospects is high and broad-based, according to the South Africa Economic Update World Bank report released today. The report aims to contribute to a better understanding of the impact of crime on South Africa’s economic growth.regions:Africa,country:South AfricaEnglishAfricaRaising South Africa's Economic Prospects by Curbing Crime/content/wb-home/en/news/press-release/2023/11/20/raising-south-africa-s-economic-afe-1123-prospects-by-curbing-crime2023-11-22T12:20:00ZAfricacq5South AfricaZAPress Release The impact of crime on South Africa’s economic prospects is high and broad-based, according to a World Bank report released today. The report aims to contribute to a better understanding of the impact of crime on South Africa’s economic growth. The research is intended to support the government in the design and implementation of policies to combat and mitigate the costs of crime on the economy and society. This aligns with the government's objectives to initiate reforms aimed at enhancing the fight against crime, as outlined by South Africa’s President Cyril Ramaphosa, in the 2023 State of the Nation Address. The fourteenth edition of the South Africa Economic Update, entitled Safety First: The Economic Cost of Crime in South Africa estimates that crime costs the economy at least 10 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) annually, in terms of stolen property; protection costs – encompassing security and insurance; and missed economic opportunities. The report investigates the economic impact of high crime rates on households, businesses, and the public sector, focusing on economically motivated crimes. The study is informed by official statistics from South Africa, and as well as data recognized in international sources. "With this new edition of the Economic Update, the World Bank aims to contribute to the policy debate and support the government’s action to reduce the incidence of crime, by quantifying its economic impact. This comes at a time when South Africa needs to address structural constraints that have locked the economy in a low growth-low employment trajectory,” says Marie Francoise Marie-Nelly, World Bank Country Director for South Africa, Eswatini, Botswana, Lesotho, and Namibia. The prevalence of crime in South Africa remains a pressing concern, particularly due to high rates of violent offenses. With a consistent ranking among the top five countries globally for homicide rates, addressing this issue is crucial. Domestic organized crime is also increasing, including theft of key infrastructure networks. The economy is on a low growth–low employment trajectory, with persistent poverty. Real growth in the gross domestic product (GDP) has been trending downward since the global financial crisis (2008–09), and GDP per capita has contracted on average since 2015. Socioeconomic outcomes have been weak, with high unemployment, poverty, and inequality. Structural constraints, especially the deepening electricity crisis and the transport bottlenecks, have exacerbated these problems. Medium-term prospects are weak, with real GDP growth estimated at 0.7 percent in 2023 and projected to average 1.5 percent annually over 2024-2026. Unemployment and poverty are projected to remain elevated. In this context, confronting the problem of crime and its socioeconomic costs is critical. Government has put fighting crime at the forefront of its policy priorities. This study underscores the need for multi-faceted actions. Addressing crime is complex and requires long-term efforts, but past experiences in South Africa and abroad suggest that targeted, well-designed, and implemented policies can be prioritized for effective crime reduction over the short and medium term. Such policies and measures include law enforcement measures, regulatory reforms, and targeted violence prevention interventions. These are consistent with the government’s current priorities. The report also highlights that sustainably reducing crime requires addressing root causes linked to socioeconomic challenges, including poverty and unemployment. The impact of crime on South Africa’s economic prospects is high and broad-based, according to a World Bank report released today. The report aims to contribute to a better understanding of the impact of crime on South Africa’s economic growth. The research is intended to support the government in the design and implementation of policies to combat and mitigate the costs of crime on the economy and society. This aligns with the government's objectives to initiate reforms aimed at enhancing the fight against crime, as outlined by South Africa’s President Cyril Ramaphosa, in the 2023 State of the Nation Address. The fourteenth edition of the South Africa Economic Update, entitled Safety First: The Economic Cost of Crime in South Africa estimates that crime costs the economy at least 10 percent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) annually, in terms of stolen property; protection costs – encompassing security and insurance; and missed economic opportunities. The report investigates the economPress ReleaseAfrica, AFRMWRmYmYxMjdmOGFkYzc0Y2YxNmYyY2UxMWY0YTQ1MTc0YWQ2YzYyZg2http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/infographic/2023/10/30/the-economic-implications-of-water-resources-management-in-the-afe-western-cape-water-supply-systemSouth AfricaThe hydro-economic study has shown promising opportunities to integrate water issues into overall city planning, making it a valuable tool.country:South Africa,regions:AfricaEnglishAfricaThe Economic Implications of Water Resources Management in the Western Cape Water Supply System/content/wb-home/en/news/infographic/2023/10/30/the-economic-implications-of-water-resources-management-in-the-afe-western-cape-water-supply-system2023-10-30T15:02:12ZAfricacq5South AfricaZAInfographicNANAInfographicAfrica, AFRNDM2NzYwZWY2ZjIzMDc5ZTcxMTdhZDlkYjYzZTc0YTdmYWY0MmQ3Ng2http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2023/10/25/south-africa-afe-world-bank-backs-reforms-to-advance-energy-security-and-low-carbon-transitionSouth AfricaThe World Bank Board supports the Government of South Africa’s efforts to promote long-term energy security and a low carbon transition with a $1 billion Development Policy Loan (DPL). The loan endorses a significant and strategic response to South Africa’s ongoing energy crisis, and the country’s goal of transitioning to a just and low carbon economy.country:South Africa,regions:AfricaEnglishAfricaSouth Africa: World Bank Backs Reforms to Advance Energy Security and Low Carbon Transition/content/wb-home/en/news/press-release/2023/10/25/south-africa-afe-world-bank-backs-reforms-to-advance-energy-security-and-low-carbon-transition2023-10-25T10:29:49ZAfricacq5South AfricaZAPress Release WASHINGTON, October 25, 2023 — The World Bank Board supports the Government of South Africa’s efforts to promote long-term energy security and a low carbon transition with a $1 billion Development Policy Loan (DPL). The loan endorses a significant and strategic response to South Africa’s ongoing energy crisis, and the country’s goal of transitioning to a just and low carbon economy. South Africa has been facing an ongoing energy crisis which has had a marked negative impact on productivity and safety, at a time when the country has been working to implement a just transition to a low carbon economy. In 2022, electricity cuts, known as load shedding, averaged eight hours per day, costing 2-3%of GDP growth to the economy. The operation supports reforms in two critical areas. First, it facilitates restructuring of the power sector through the unbundling of South Africa’s power utility, Eskom. It supports the opening of the power market and aims at improving Eskom’s efficiency by redirectPress ReleaseAfrica, AFRNzkxZmYxNTY0YTAxYjMzMmVjMjI4YzYzYjNjYTYyNTY5MzY0MDgxOQ2http://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/health/publication/economic-cost-covid-health-care-workersKenya,Colombia,Eswatini,South AfricaUnderstanding the true cost of health care worker infection and death during the first year of COVID-19, including contribution to wider community transmissions and the economic toll of disrupted health services, in Kenya, Colombia, Eswatini, and South Africasubject:health,subject:covid-19-coronavirus,country:Kenya,country:Colombia,country:Eswatini,country:South AfricaEnglishThe Economic Burden of COVID-19 Infections amongst Health Care WorkersHealth,Covid-19-coronavirus/content/topic/health/en/publication/economic-cost-covid-health-care-workers2023-07-26T09:00:00Zcq5Kenya,Colombia,Eswatini,South AfricaKE,CO,SZ,ZAPublicationin the First Year of the Pandemic in Kenya, Colombia, Eswatini, and South AfricaPublicationHealth Nutrition and Population, HNPtopic|healthZTIxOWVjMTZiZTY0OWMwYmM2OTkwMzcyOTk2ZDU5ZGM0MjVmNDIyNg2http://www.worldbank.org/en/region/mena/brief/how-can-public-private-partnerships-ppps-be-successfulSouth Africa,Chile,Brazil,Australia,Korea, Republic ofPublic-Private Partnerships (PPPs) enable governments to procure and deliver public infrastructure/services and leverage the resources and expertise of the private sector – through risk-sharing arrangements. When properly designed and executed, PPPs can create social value through on-time and on-cost delivery, generating efficiency gains and offering innovation in project design, incorporation of global expertise, and accessing new sources of capital. Conversely, poorly designed and executed PPPs can fail to deliver on these promises.subject:governance in public sector,country:South Africa,country:Chile,country:Brazil,country:Australia,country:Korea, Republic of,regions:East Asia and Pacific,video:lac,regions:Africa,regions:Middle East and North Africa,regions:South AsiaEnglishEast Asia and Pacific,Africa,Middle East and North Africa,South AsiaHow Can Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) be Successful?Governance In Public Sector/content/region/mena/en/brief/how-can-public-private-partnerships-ppps-be-successful2023-07-06T12:45:00ZEast Asia and Pacific,Africa,Middle East and North Africa,South Asiacq5South Africa,Chile,Brazil,Australia,Korea, Republic ofZA,CL,BR,AU,KRBriefBriefMiddle East and North Africa, MNAregion|menaZTY3N2Y3NTA3MzU4NDVlYzk2NTE2MDkyYzI1ZDAwYTNiODI0NGZiZQ2http://www.albankaldawli.org/ar/region/mena/brief/how-can-public-private-partnerships-ppps-be-successfulSouth Africa,Chile,Brazil,Australia,Korea, Republic ofتؤدي الشراكات بين القطاعين العام والخاص، إلى تمكين الحكومات من شراء وتقديم خدمات البنية التحتية/ الخدمات العامة، والاستفادة من موارد وخبرات القطاع الخاص، من خلال ترتيبات تقاسم المخاطر. وإذا ما صُـمّمت الشراكات بين القطاعين، ونُـفذت على نحو سليم، فبمقدورها أن تحقق قيمة اجتماعية، من خلال تقديم الخدمات في الموعد المناسب، وبتكلفة معقولة، فضلا عن المكاسب المحققة من تحسين الكفاءة والابتكار في تصميم المشاريع، وإدماج الخبرات العالمية، والوصول إلى مصادر جديدة لرأس المال. وعلى الجانب الآخر، نجد أن ضعف تصميم وتنفيذ الشراكات بين القطاعين العام والخاص يؤدي إلى عدم تحقيق النتائج المرجوة.subject:governance in public sector,country:South Africa,country:Chile,country:Brazil,country:Australia,country:Korea, Republic of,regions:East Asia and Pacific,video:lac,regions:Africa,regions:Middle East and North Africa,regions:South AsiaArabicEast Asia and Pacific,Africa,Middle East and North Africa,South Asiaكيف يمكن إنجاح الشراكات بين القطاعين العام والخاص؟Governance In Public Sector/content/region/mena/ar/brief/how-can-public-private-partnerships-ppps-be-successful2023-07-06T12:45:00ZEast Asia and Pacific,Africa,Middle East and North Africa,South Asiacq5South Africa,Chile,Brazil,Australia,Korea, Republic ofZA,CL,BR,AU,KRBrief بقلم نادر محمد ويارا سالم وميكيل ايبانيز ولونزو برتوليني تؤدي الشراكات بين القطاعين العام والخاص، إلى تمكين الحكومات من شراء وتقديم خدمات البنية التحتية/ الخدمات العامة، والاستفادة من موارد وخبرات القطاع الخاص، من خلال ترتيبات تقاسم المخاطر. وإذا ما صُـمّمت الشراكات بين القطاعين، ونُـفذت على نحو سليم، فبمقدورها أن تحقق قيمة اجتماعية، من خلال تقديم الخدمات في الموعد المناسب، وبتكلفة معقولة، فضلا عن المكاسب المحققة من تحسين الكفاءة والابتكار في تصميم المشاريع، وإدماج الخبرات العالمية، والوصول إلى مصادر جديدة لرأس المال. وعلى الجانب الآخر، نجد أن ضعف تصميم وتنفيذ الشراكات بين القطاعين العام والخاص يؤدي إلى عدم تحقيق النتائج المرجوة. ويتطلب توسيع نطاق مشروعات الشراكة، بين القطاعين العام والخاص، والمحافظة على استدامتها، الاهتمام بالأسس الحيوية لتحقيق ذلك على مدى دورة المشروع. وتشمل هذه الخطوات ضمن جملة أمور أخرى: (1)سياسة قوية، وإطار مؤسسي وتنظيمي، بما في ذلك تقييم مخاطر المالية العامة والالتزامات الطارئة؛ (2)ومجموعة موسعة من المشروعات التي يمكن تمويلها من خلال البنوك، على أن يجري تحديدها من خلال إجراءات واضحة، تحدد الأولويات، وتدرس هذه المشروعات لتحديد مدى ملاءمتها للشراكة بين القطاعين العام والخاص؛ (3) وقدرات راسخة لإعداد المشروعات وتنظيمها (مع النظر بعين الاعتبار إلى الجدوى التجارية، وتوزيع المخاطر، والمساندة الحكومية ومدى معقولية التكاليف)؛ و (4) القدرة على مساندة المعاملات وإدارة العقود. ومن المتوقع أن أطر الشراكة بين القطاعين المصممة جيدا، ستشاعد على تسهيل تعبئة التمويل لمشروعات البنية التحتية، والتوزيع الأمثل للمخاطر، وتكفل إدارة سليمة للاستثمارات العامة (على سبيل المثال، التكامل المناسب على نحو سليم في الإستراتيجية العامة للاستثمار في البلد المعني، وإدارة الالتزامات الطارئة، والمخاطر المالية على نحو يتسم بالكفاءة، إلخ). وتبنت البلدان على نحو متزايد في جميع أنحاء العالم، خلال العقود الماضية، اقرار قوانين مخصصة للشراكة بين القطاعين، وأسست وحدات للشراكات بين القطاعين (مع تنوع في المسؤوليات، والاختصاصات، والموقع في الهيكل التنظيمي للجهاز الحكومي)، ويتمثل الهدف من ذلك في: (1)إبقاء الالتزام الحكومي وتأمين الموارد مع الوقت، (2) الفحص الدقيق والاتساق في الإجراءات لتدعيم التعلم المنهجي وإدارة العقود على نحو يتسم بالكفاءة، (3) بناء القدرات اللازمة للتعامل مع العمليات المعقدة، و(4) تشجيع الاستمرار في العمليات(ويشمل ذلك تعبئة التمويل لإعداد المشروعات). وعمليا، فإن الإطار القانوني والمؤسسي السليم للشراكة بين القطاعين العام والخاص، ليس سوى أحد العوامل الكثيرة والمعقدة التي تساعد في تحقيق نجاح برامج هذه الشراكات، ومن الصعب التحديد المسبق وعلى نحو دقيق، لما يسهم به كل عامل من هذه العوامل. وقد درس البنك الدولي مؤخرا بالتفصيل هذه القضايا في إطار مبادرة بناء مؤسسات أكثر قوة لتنفيذ مشروعات شراكة أفضل بين القطاعين العام والخاص، ونتج عن ذلك نشر 6 مذكرات بشأن الممارسات الجيدة، تركز إحداها على دور إطار الشراكات بين القطاعين. وينبغي ألا ننساق وراء الزعم بأن قوانين الشراكات بين القطاعين العام والخاص، أو إنشاء وحدة للشراكات بين القطاعين، لا تكاد تقدم نفعا يُذكر، وتؤدي إلى تأخيرات كان من الممكن تجنبها. وطورت البلدان التي لها سجل نجاح حافل في برامج الشراكات بين القطاعين والمشاريع الموسعة (مثل جنوب أفريقيا، وشيلي، والبرازيل، وأستراليا، وكوريا الجنوبية)، بمرور الوقت أطرا قانونية راسخة يجري العمل بها (سواء أكانت تشريعات قائمة بذاتها للشراكات بين القطاعين أو غيرها). وبناء على هذا الفهم وتلك الخبرة، طور البنك الدولي أيضا الإرشادات والتوجيهات الخاصة بالأطر القانونية لمشروعات الشراكة بين القطاعين، فضلا عن إسداء المشورة العملية لصياغة تشريعات أولية وثانوية خاصة بالشراكات بين القطاعين. وجملة القول، من الضروري اتخاذ نهج شامل نحو إنشاء بيئة داعمة للشراكات بين القطاعين، وسيختلف إسهام قوانين ووحدات الشراكات بين القطاعين، بحسب سياق البلد المعني وظروف التصميم. وتقدم الخبرة الدولية رؤى مفيدة في هذا الصدد:لا يمكن لوحدات الشراكات بين القطاعين أو قوانينها فقط أن يكونا بديلا لضرورة الالتزام السياسي وإصلاحات أوسع نطاقا لحل المشكلات الأساسية للحوكمة الخاصة بالبنية التحتية.في إطار إعداد أطر قانونية للشراكة بين القطاعين العام والخاص وإنشاء وحدات لهذه الشراكة، من الضروري أن يكون مصحوبا بوضع إستراتيجيات وإصلاحات قطاعية لضمان تحقق الأثر، وخلق زخم وتحقيق منافع، لاسيما لدى جهات الشراء والتعاقد (الوزارات التنفيذية/ الإدارات/ الهيئات)من الضروري أن يكون وضع الإطار القانوني القوي مصحوبا بوضع ترتيبات مؤسسية. ويزيد وجود وحدة شراكة بين القطاعين مع موارد وكوادر كافية ودور واضح لكل من وزارة المالية وجهات الشراء والتعاقد، من فرص بناء سلسلة قوية من المشروعات وتسريع وتيرة تنفيذها.ويدرك البنك الدولي ارداكا تاما، هذه التحديات، التي تحول دون الاستفادة الكاملة من مشاركة القطاع الخاص في تطوير البنية التحتية. ولا تأتي مشروعات الشراكة بين القطاعين العام والخاص، بصورة تلقائية بعد الإصلاحات التنظيمية، على نحو ما نرى عند المقارنة بين النتائج المتأتية من تحليل جودة الإجراءات التنظيمية لمشروعات الشراكة بين القطاعين العام والخاص في ضوء المؤشرات الاسترشادية لتطوير البنية التحتية، وقاعدة بيانات مشاركة القطاع الخاص في مشروعات البنية التحتية. ويواصل البنك الدولي تحديث تلك المؤشرات ، وهذا التحديث سيوضح هذا الجانب. وعلاوة على ذلك، بمقدور البنك أن يدعم البلدان للتصدي على نحو أفضل لهذه التحديات، وعلى سبيل المثال، من خلال تقييم القيود الحالية المفروضة على مشاركة القطاع الخاص في مناقصات مشروعات البنية التحتية من خلال الدراسات التشخيصية القطرية؛ ودعم إنشاء بيئة داعمة لمشاركة القطاع الخاص في مشروعات البنية التحتية، من خلال اعتماد إصلاحات تنظيمية لمشروعات الشراكة بين القطاعين العام والخاص؛ وتقديم المساعدة في إعداد سلسة من مشروعات الشراكة بين القطاعين التي يمكن تمويلها من خلال البنوك بهدف تعبئة رأس المال الخاص، والمساعدة في إدارة مشروعات الشراكة بين القطاعين في مجال البنية التحتية، خلال دورة حياة المشروع، مع النظر بعين الاعتبار في التزامات المالية العامة، والالتزامات الطارئة ذات الصلة، وتعزيز قدرة الحكومة على إدارة عقود الشراكة بين القطاعين العام والخاص. بقلم نادر محمد ويارا سالم وميكيل ايبانيز ولونزو برتوليني تؤدي الشراكات بين القطاعين العام والخاص، إلى تمكين الحكومات من شراء وتقديم خدمات البنية التحتية/ الخدمات العامة، والاستفادة من موارد وخبرات القطاع الخاص، من خلال ترتيبات تقاسم المخاطر. وإذا ما صُـمّمت الشراكات بين القطاعين، ونُـفذت على نحو سليم، فبمقدورها أن تحقق قيمة اجتماعية، من خلال تقديم الخدمات في الموعد المناسب، وبتكلفة معقولة، فضلا عن المكاسب المحققة من تحسين الكفاءة والابتكار في تصميم المشاريع، وإدماج الخبرات العالمية، والوصول إلى مصادر جديدة لرأس المال. وعلى الجانب الآخر، نجد أن ضعف تصميم وتنفيذ الشراكات بين القطاعين العام والخاص يؤدي إلى عدم تحقيق النتائج المرجوة. ويتطلب توسيع نطاق مشروعات الشراكة، بين القطاعين العام والخاص، والمحافظة على استدامتها، الاهتمام بالأسس الحيوية لتحقيق ذلك على مدى دورة المشروع. وتشمل هذه الخطوات ضمن جملة أمور أخرى: (1)سياسة قوية، وإطار مؤسسي وتنظيمي، بما في ذلك تقييم مخاطر المالية العامة والالتزامات الطارئة؛ (2)ومجموعة موسعة من المشروعات التي يمكن تمويلها من خلال البنوك، على أن يجري تحديدها BriefMiddle East and North Africa, MNAregion|menaMGM4YzA4ZmE2ZTAwNTVmODZjYmNlYTI5ZjY3NWFiZjNiODJlNTZmOQ2http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2023/06/29/hydro-economic-study-shows-economic-benefits-of-climate-resilient-water-systems-for-afe-south-african-citiesSouth AfricaSouth African cities are particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate change, which jeopardizes the reliability of their water systems, ultimately impacting their competitiveness, quality of life for residents, and prospects for economic development. In recognition of the strong interdependence between the economy and water system, a multi-year hydro-economic study was completed for the Western Cape Water Supply System (WCWSS) and launched today.regions:Africa,country:South AfricaEnglishAfricaHydro-Economic Study Shows Economic Benefits of Climate-Resilient Water Systems for South African Cities/content/wb-home/en/news/press-release/2023/06/29/hydro-economic-study-shows-economic-benefits-of-climate-resilient-water-systems-for-afe-south-african-cities2023-06-29T14:26:02ZAfricacq5South AfricaZAPress ReleasePress ReleaseAfrica, AFR